Lab 3

For Lab 3, complete each of the following exercises.

Exercise 1: Capitalized vowels

Write a short program called cap_vowels.py that takes a string of input from the user with any capitalization and prints out the string, but with all consonants in lower case and all vowels in upper case. Read about string methods in the Python 3 docsLinks to an external site.open in new window and to see a full list of operations you can use on string. Try to do it in the fewest function calls you can.

Tutorial: Working with Random

In the exercises below, you'll need to generate some random numbers. This can be done using the random library. The library is standard with Python but must be imported (similarly to the math library we looked at in class. The documentation can be found here: https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.htmlLinks to an external site.open in new window

The random library has a variety of methods. The random() method on its own generates a random floating point number between 0.0 and 1.0. Other methods can be used to generate random integers or even to select an item randomly from a string or list. Copy and paste the following code into a local Python program and run it to see several ways that the random library can be used:

import random

num = random.random()
print("Random number between 0.0 and 1.0:", num)

num = random.randint(5, 20)
print("Random integer between 5 and 20: ", num)

my_string = "Hello World!"
print("A random character picked from", my_string + ":",
 random.choice(my_string))

print(random.choice(["red", "yellow", "green", "blue"]))

This should give you enough of an introduction to the library to be able to use it in the following exercises.

Exercise 2: DMV

The Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) is responsible for issuing driver’s licenses. This question asks you to write a program called dmv.py that prompts the user to enter their full name (first, middle, and last) and their date of birth and then produces a “driver’s license”. The license should have the following pieces of information:

* A random driver’s license number that consists of 7 random digits
* The user’s last name
* The user’s first and middle name
* An expiration date which is the user’s birth date except for the year which should be 2021

Here is an example of what my program produces when run:

Welcome to the DMV (estimated wait time is 3 hours)
Please enter your first, middle, and last name:
Anthony James Mullen
Enter date of birth (MM/DD/YY):
05/15/71
-------------------------------------
Washington Driver License
DL 8704266
LN Mullen
FN Anthony James
DOB 05/15/71
EXP 05/15/21
-------------------------------------

Exercise 3: Number guessing game

For this exercise, you will create a simple number guessing game called guessing_game.py. The computer will pick a random number between 1 and 50 (inclusive), and then the player will try to guess it in as few guesses as possible.

The player will enter guesses through the command line interface, using the input function. The program will let the player know how close their guess is (if they are "hot" or "cold", and whether their guess was too high or too low). When finished, your program's output might look something like the following:

Welcome to the Guessing Game!
I picked a number between 1 and 50. Try and guess!
25
You guessed 25
Your guess is very cold
20
Your guess is extremely cold
40
Your guess is very warm
45
Your guess is cold
35
Your guess is extremely warm
33
Your guess is warm
32
Your guess is warm
37
Congratulations. You figured it out in 8 tries.

Instructions

For the guessing game, use an if-else block to print a different message depending on how far off the guess was:

Use a while loop to determine whether to stop the game. As long as the user's guess is not equal to the secret number, keep the game going. So you'll want a block beginning something like:

while (random_number != user_guess):

For counting tries, use a variable (maybe called something like tries and increment it with tries = tries + 1 every time the user takes another attempt at guessing. (Another way to increment a variable like this is the += operator, which would look like tries += 1 in context).

Remember to handle both positive and negative differences! For example, if the secret number is 35, and the user guesses either 34 or 36, then they should both print out "scalding hot." Hint: There are many ways to handle this. You can either get the absolute value of the difference, or you can use boolean operators like and and or to check both cases. For example,

if (age >= 18 and age <= 21):
    # do something when you know
    # age is between 18 and 21
else:
    # do something when you know
    # age is outside the range of 18 to 21

Although there are many ways to organize the conditions, some are better than others. Try to keep your conditional block as simple, concise, and clear as possible. Don't forget about elif blocks.

You should avoid writing the same print statement more than once--it makes it difficult to change the message later!

• Debugging strategy: Be sure to test and retest your code at each step of the process! You may want to (temporarily) print out the secret number so you know what you are looking for, then you can guess numbers that are within a certain range to test your conditionals.
• Double-check that your program works perfectly by playing multiple games. If there is ever any behavior that seems wrong, stop and figure out what caused that!

Upgrading the Game (NOT required)

If time allows in the lab, upgrade your program to include the following functionality.

1. When the user guesses the answer correctly, we now want to either mock or compliment them depending on the number of guesses it took. Recall that you already have a field that remembers this value. Using the table below, print out the appropriate message when the guess is correct:

   Guesses	Message to print
   1	"That was lucky!"
   2-4	"That was amazing!"
   5-6	"That was okay."
   7	"Meh."
   8-9	"This is not your game."
   10 or more	"You are the worst guesser I've ever seen."

Submitting

Push all your code to GitHub, and submit cap_vowels.py, dmv.py and guessing_game.py to Canvas.

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