02-列表内容补充

x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
y = x
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid_x: {id(x)}\tid_y: {id(y)}')  # id() 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid_x: {id(x)}\tid_y: {id(y)}')

Original:
	x: ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
	y: ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
	id_x: 4470743680	id_y:4470743680
After:
	x: ['消炎药', '感冒药', '解药']
	y: ['消炎药', '感冒药', '解药']
	id_x: 4470743680	id_y:4470743680

x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
y = x.copy()
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid_x: {id(x)}\tid_y:{id(y)}')  # id 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid_x: {id(x)}\tid_y:{id(y)}')

Original:
	x: ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
	y: ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
	id_x: 4428223616	id_y:4428537536
After:
	x: ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
	y: ['消炎药', '感冒药', '解药']
	id_x: 4428223616	id_y:4428537536

原列表 x:
x ---> ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']
          ↑       ↑       ↑
新列表 y:  |       |       |
y ---> ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药']

x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药', ['香蕉', '瓜子', '八宝粥']]
y = x.copy()
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')  # id 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After 1:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')
y[3][0] = '苹果'
print(f'After 2:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')

from copy import deepcopy

from copy import deepcopy
x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药', ['香蕉', '瓜子', '八宝粥']]
y = deepcopy(x)
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\n\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')  # id 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After 1:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\n\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')
y[3][0] = '苹果'
print(f'After 2:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\n\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')

x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药', ['香蕉', '瓜子', '八宝粥']]
y = x.copy()
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')  # id 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After 1:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')
y[3][0] = '苹果'
print(f'After 2:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')

x = ['毒药', '感冒药', '解药', ['香蕉', '瓜子', '八宝粥']]
y = x.copy()
print(f'Original:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')  # id 用来获取变量的物理地址
y[0] = '消炎药'
print(f'After 1:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')
# y[3][0] = '苹果'
y[3] = 'www.bornforthis.cn'
print(f'After 2:\n\tx: {x}\n\ty: {y}\n\tid:\n\t\tid_x: {id(x)}\t\tid_y: {id(y)}\n\t\tid_children x[3]: {id(x[3])}\n\t\tid_children y[3]: {id(y[3])}')

list.append(item)

my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_list.append(4)
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 3, 4]

list.extend(iterable)

my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_list.extend([4, 5])
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

list.insert(index, item)

my_list = [1, 2, 4]
my_list.insert(2, 3)  # 在索引2位置插入元素3
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 3, 4]

list.remove(item)

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 2]
my_list.remove(2)
print(my_list)  # [1, 3, 2]

list.pop([index])

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
item = my_list.pop()  # 默认删除最后一个
print(item)  # 4
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 3]

item = my_list.pop(1)  # 删除索引为1的元素
print(item)  # 2
print(my_list)  # [1, 3]

list.clear()

my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_list.clear()
print(my_list)  # []

list.index(item, start=0, end=len(list))

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 2, 4]
index = my_list.index(2)
print(index)  # 1（第一个2的位置）

index = my_list.index(2, 2)  # 从索引2开始查找
print(index)  # 3

list.count(item)

my_list = [1, 2, 2, 3, 2]
count = my_list.count(2)
print(count)  # 3

list.sort(key=None, reverse=False)

my_list = [3, 1, 4, 2]
my_list.sort()
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 3, 4]

my_list.sort(reverse=True)
print(my_list)  # [4, 3, 2, 1]

list.reverse()

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
my_list.reverse()
print(my_list)  # [4, 3, 2, 1]

new_list = list.copy()

my_list = [1, 2, 3]
new_list = my_list.copy()

print(new_list)  # [1, 2, 3]
new_list.append(4)
print(my_list)   # [1, 2, 3] 原列表不变

len(list)

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(len(my_list))  # 4

max(list)
min(list)

my_list = [1, 4, 2, 3]
print(max(my_list))  # 4
print(min(my_list))  # 1

sum(list, start=0)

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
total = sum(my_list)
print(total)  # 10

sorted(list, key=None, reverse=False)

my_list = [3, 1, 4, 2]
new_list = sorted(my_list)
print(new_list)  # [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(my_list)   # [3, 1, 4, 2] 原列表不变

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

# 删除单个元素
del my_list[2]
print(my_list)  # [1, 2, 4, 5]

# 删除多个元素
del my_list[1:3]
print(my_list)  # [1, 5]

list[start:end:step]

my_list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

# 获取索引1到4的元素
print(my_list[1:5])  # [1, 2, 3, 4]

# 每隔两个元素取一个
print(my_list[::2])  # [0, 2, 4, 6]

# 逆序切片
print(my_list[::-1])  # [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

print('banana' in my_list)      # True
print('orange' not in my_list)  # True

list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [4, 5, 6]

combined = list1 + list2
print(combined)  # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

my_list = [1, 2]

print(my_list * 3)  # [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2]

my_list = ['a', 'b', 'c']

for index, item in enumerate(my_list):
    print(index, item)

# 输出:
# 0 a
# 1 b
# 2 c

names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Cindy']
scores = [90, 85, 95]

for name, score in zip(names, scores):
    print(name, score)

# 输出：
# Alice 90
# Bob 85
# Cindy 95

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]

squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))
print(squared)  # [1, 4, 9, 16]

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

even = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))
print(even)  # [2, 4]

# 基本形式
squares = [x**2 for x in range(5)]
print(squares)  # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]

# 条件过滤
even_squares = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
print(even_squares)  # [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]

matrix = [
    [1, 2, 3],
    [4, 5, 6],
    [7, 8, 9]
]

print(matrix[0][1])  # 2

lst1 = [0, '', False]
lst2 = [0, 'Python', False]

print(any(lst1))  # False
print(any(lst2))  # True

print(all([1, 2, 3]))  # True
print(all([1, 0, 3]))  # False

words = ['hello', 'world', 'Python']
sentence = ' '.join(words)

print(sentence)  # hello world Python

from functools import reduce

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]

product = reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, numbers)
print(product)  # 24

import copy

original = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]

shallow_copy = original[:]
deep_copy = copy.deepcopy(original)

original[0][0] = 'Changed'

print(original)      # [['Changed', 2], [3, 4]]
print(shallow_copy)  # [['Changed', 2], [3, 4]] 浅拷贝会受影响
print(deep_copy)     # [[1, 2], [3, 4]] 深拷贝不受影响